After the Way which They call Legalism, so Worship I God (IV)

By Ron Halbrook

Paul Fought Legalism

What is the legalism Paul fought? The New Testament is the legal, lawful, and right standard proceeding from God. Paul objected to a legalism which returned to a standard which, though good for its intended purpose (Gal. 3:19), is wholly incapable of taking away sin. “For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins” (Heb. 10:4). In view of that impossibility, the only way The Old Law system could “save” a man is by his never sinning. “For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them” (Gal. 3:10). Once a man sinned, he stood under the curse; under the Old Law he could then obey the conditions of forgiveness laid down, which brought forgiveness only with a view to the coming death of Christ. Now that the New Covenant was in effect; the Old was removed. For a man to bind himself back to the domain of the Old Law was to reject the only forgiveness there is. The first time he sins, he is under the curse with no hope of forgiveness. Can the blood of bulls and goats help him? No. “And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them” (Gal. 3:12). So the only way the Old system could “save” a man would be by his living a sinlessly perfect record. Thus Paul reduced the hope of those who went back to the Old Law to a futility. The first mistake they made, the curse of sin would be upon them with no hope of forgiveness in the system to which they had bound themselves.

During the age of Moses’ law, that law was the standard and God required it to be obeyed in all particulars (Heb. 2:2; 10:28). Rightly used, the Law was legal, lawful, and right. But after Christ came, to go back to that standard implied an attempt to be saved by never sinning-because that is the only way that system could “save” after Christ came. Here is an attempt which puts one in the position of having to earn, deserve, and merit eternal life by means of a perfect record. And, that is legalism in its harsh, uncomplimentary sense. Here is an implicit attempt to present ourselves before God with this plea, “God, I have never sinned against your Law; search my life and see that I have never faltered nor stumbled. My life is perfection. I never sought forgiveness because I never needed it. Now I demand the judgment of the bar be that I am `righteous’ because You can do no other. And I demand eternal life as a consequence. What I have earned, deserved, and merited, you must give.” If the person sinned even once, there is nothing in his legalistic attempt that could remove even that one sin. This is the legalism which Paul names, indicts as a failure, and fights.

As Paul shows, this sort of legalism is preposterous on the face of it. If a man decided late in life to pursue this course, supposing one could live a perfect life from that point, he still would face his former sins. What would he have to remove them? One might decide early in life that he wants to earn, deserve, and merit eternal life, and so determine to do everything that God declared to be right. Thus, the person would see in the Old Law, and in the New as well, many things God taught to be right. But the poor fool is looking at a remedial system-a system to prepare and bring about forgiveness for sinners. God’s revelation is for man, for man as he finds himself in sin. So our foolish legalist would see it is right to offer sacrifice–which were designed to teach men the horror of their sins. And, as he might look at the New Law as so many more marks set by God for a perfect man to meet, he would (1) repent of sins never committed, (2) be baptized to wash away sins he did not do in the first place, and then (3) keep the Lord’s supper to remember a “gift” which he has no use for! What a travesty! It misses the point of the reality of sin and the point of the design of God’s revelation.

If there is any travesty more absurd than this one, it must be that of calling God’s system of grace on the condition of obedient faith “a cold, futile legalism.” If the Judge pronounces one “just,” it may be because (1) He can do no other, i.e. the man merited it, or (2) He shows His mercy. In either case, His pronouncement. is legal, lawful, and right. Next, mercy may be extended. (1) unconditionally, or (2) conditionally. Either way, the Judge’s transaction is legal, lawful, and right. When the Judge by His mercy, upon stated conditions, declares us free from all charges and punishment, He acts legally. We must meet the stated conditions without addition, subtraction, or alteration. When we meet the conditions, this is not seeking the pronouncement “just” or “innocent” on the basis of meritorious works! On the other hand, the least alteration of the conditions is evidence of dependence on some ground other than the conditional mercy of the Judge. The sum is: we are saved by the Judge, by ourselves, by mercy, by conditions, by a gift, by effort, by a divine arrangement-legal, right, and lawful in every way. “Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? of works? Nay: but by the law of faith” (Rom. 3:27). All of which shows the scheme of redemption can be called “a remedial system” and “a legal system,” but not a system of legalism!

Does God Take Man’s Finiteness Into Account?

But does the scheme of redemption take into account man’s frailty and finiteness? Yes, it is designed for man as he is. For instance, as Marshall E. Patton points out, “Some commands are absolute and some are relative.”(1) Absolute commands can be obeyed absolutely by finite man. Absolute commands are “void of any relativity. Obedience to such is determined not upon the basis of its relation to something else, but rather upon the basis of being wholly independent of everything else.”

“One may keep absolute conditions to the degree of perfection. In fact, if they are kept at all, they are kept perfectly. There is no relativity about it …. Grace is seen in the nature of the commands themselves-they are within reach of human effort.”(2)

In this regard, salvation is conditioned on “conforming to the do-its and don’t-do-its of statutes” given by God, to borrow Brother William Wallace’s description of legalism.(3)

God told Israel to march around Jericho, and even specified the rules for marching! He told them not to inter-marry with the Canaanites, and specified penalties for disobedience. “Every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward” (Heb. 2:2). God gave a pattern for the ark, the tabernacle, and the temple. “See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern. . . ” (Heb. 8:5). If these commands were kept at all, they were kept perfectly-for man was capable of obeying these conditions of God’s favor. When they were obeyed, nothing had been earned, deserved, or merited. Had Israel earned Jericho when the walls fell, or did the walls fall by the grace of God . and was the city given as a gift from God??? When faith motivated Israel to worship and offer sacrifices exactly as God commanded, faith saved, i.e. brought men into the unmerited favor of God.

Today the pattern of worship, the pattern of sound words, and the pattern of church organization are clearly revealed. The things that are written prescribe the limit, the rule, the law of God in these matters (1 Tim. 3:14-15; 2 Pet. 1:13-15; 2:1-3; 1 Cor. 4:6; 2 Jn. 9; 2 Tim, 3:16-17). Obedience to the law of Christ does not earn, deserve, or merit anything; it is simply the condition of receiving the unmerited favor of God and continuing therein.

Brother Patton continues by pointing out that “relative commands” are determined in “relation to something else,” citing the graces in which we are to grow as examples (2 Pet. 1:5-11). Obedience to the command to grow in these graces

“. . . must be determined in relation to other matters. People may possess these graces in varying degrees …. Obedience in this instance depends upon one’s ‘giving all diligence’ (v. 5J. Diligence requires a sincere effort commensurate with one’s time, opportunity, and ability.

“. . . the relative conditions, void of their relativity, cannot be kept by humanity to the degree of absolute perfection. Man. . . cannot attain to such. In recognition of this, God’s grace has made such conditions relative. Because of this a child of God can be righteous in spite of his coming short of perfection.”(4)

Thus while God is infinite-and therefore infinite in patience, etc., i.e. perfect in all qualities-man is finite. A Christian will grow in the grace of patience as long as he lives! He will never in this life attain unto the perfection of God in such qualities. God’s grace recognizes this; because of His grace and love and understanding, God has not conditioned salvation on man’s perfection in such qualities. As Brother Patton points out, He has conditioned salvation on man’s giving diligence to constantly grow in these qualities. The scheme of redemption which is the expression of God’s grace is legal, lawful, and right, and it takes into account the finiteness of man. Furthermore, as one gives diligence and grows in these graces, he does not earn, deserve, or merit eternal life.

As pointed out earlier, God even takes into account man’s proneness to sin, his weakness for sin in the face of temptation. As sin enters the life of the Christian from time to time, he humbles himself in a penitent attitude and seeks the cleansing blood of Christ (Acts 8:20-24; 1 Jn. 1). Habitual practice of sin-whether it be stealing, not obeying the pattern of worship, or anything else-is not covered by grace. Such violates the terms of grace, the covenant of grace, the conditions of grace. Such evidences that one abides in Satan’s family, not God’s. . . all pleas of, “I know him! I know him!” not withstanding (1 Jn. 3:9; 2:4; 4:6).

Legalism Inherent In Calvinism

In studying legalism, we cannot help but note the irony involved in the fact that some who cry the loudest about legalism have themselves made the scheme of redemption a system of legalism. Some who cry the loudest about legalism accept the Calvinist-Reformation theory of the imputed righteousness of Christ. This imputed righteousness theory makes the scheme of redemption a system of legalism! Forgiveness of sin is not enough in this system. God actually requires a sinlessly perfect record, it is said. But only God is perfect; man is not God, thus is not perfect. So how shall the system of legalism (requirement of a sinlessly perfect life) be satisfied? By imputing the sinlessly perfect record of Christ to each Christian!

We studied how Paul reduced to absurdity the legalism involved in the effort of some teachers to bind the Old Law. Paul quoted from the Old Law, “The man that doeth them shall live in them” (Gal. 3:12), to show the only way the Old Law could “save” a man would be by his living a sinlessly perfect record. When John Calvin was trying to explain why “the obedience of Christ is reckoned to us as if it were our own,”(5) he was forced to make the scheme of redemption a system of legalism. In so doing, he quoted the very passage Paul quoted, only Calvin quoted it to say even under the New Law God really does require what the verse says for salvation! “Righteousness consists in the observance of the law” and Christ “reconciled us to God as if we had kept the law,” thus “we obtain through Christ’s grace (i.e. his acts of obedience, RH) what God promised in the law for our works: ‘He who will do these things, will live in them.'”(6) In other words, God not only required the shed blood of Christ to remove our sins, over and beyond that He additionally required a life of perfect works from us.

Present Truth Magazine has made a specialty out of promoting and defending the view that the perfect record of Christ must be imputed to us. One article complains of what is called “Arminian theology” which “thinks of justification only in terms of forgiveness of past sins by virtue of Christ’s death. It fails to see that justification is also the imputation of Christ’s life of perfect obedience to the law-an obedience which gives to the believer a full and free title to eternal life . . . . ” The complaint adds that failure to accept the Calvinist view results in too much emphasis “on the active obedience of the believer in his life” in seeking “final salvation.”(7) Further pressing the point that God absolutely demands a real life of perfection in addition to forgiveness of past sins, the same writer says,

“St. Paul declares, `. . . the doers of the law shall be justified.’ Rom. 2:13. Perfect obedience to His law is the only condition upon which God will give any man eternal life ….

The good news of the gospel is that Christ has lived this life of perfect obedience. He has fulfilled the conditions upon which God will justify unto life eternal. He lived this life in our name and on our behalf. This is why the apostle says that we are justified. . . by His obedience. . . While the death of Jesus (passive obedience) is the basis upon which God forgives sin, the life of Jesus (active obedience) is the basis upon which God can impute to us a life of perfect obedience.”(8)

The truth is that from the beginning of time God has taught that the result of sin is death; sin requires blood, death, taking of life. Never has He taught that He demands a perfect life (whether personal or imputed) to save men.(9)

“Your iniquities have separated between you and your God,” but in the plan of God Christ “was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities …. the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all” (Isa. 59:1-2; 53:4-6). Those who accept this gift have that which separates from God (sin) removed …. “their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more” (Heb. 8:12). This makes them “right,” “just,” or “innocent” in the sight of God-the gift of grace. Any supposed additional demand of ‘a perfectly sinless record is the product of human imagination, reason and philosophy, tradition, and creeds. And it makes the scheme of salvation a system of legalism. Yet by further twists and contortions in this human system, it turns out that less actual obedience on man’s part is required, rather than more obedience.

After The Way They Call Legalism

In conclusion, let not the charge of legalism shame us into hedging, compromising, or speaking ambiguously regarding “the whole counsel of God.” Just as God is unchanging, the eternal principles of His word are unchanging. Here are some things called legalism by those holding denominational concepts: (1) Insistence that people must hear and believe gospel preaching in order for them to be converted and saved (Rom. 10:17); (2) Insistence that one’s sins are not forgiven until he is baptized in water (Mk. 16:16); (3) Insistence that unity with God and the faithful is broken when men deviate from the New Testament pattern for the church -whether in worship, mission or work, doctrine, organization, discipline, . etc. (1 Tim. 3:14-15); (4)”Insistence that conformity to the world makes one the enemy of God-whether in vulgar speaking, dancing, immodest dress, social drinking, adultery and fornication, anger fits, dishonesty, covetousness, frantic anxiety for material concerns, etc. (Jas. 4:4; Matt. 6:31). To which charge we simply reply, -“After the way which they call legalism, so worship I the God of my fathers.”

We are legalists after the order of Noah. Noah found grace in the eyes of God, not because he never sinned, but because he was a man who met the conditions of grace through active faith (Gen. 6:22; Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:20). Had he built the ark according to the divine specifications, except for making ten windows instead of one, or except in regard to the length of the ark, or except for the type wood used, he would not have met the conditions of grace. After the way which many call legalism, so served Noah the God of his fathers. And so must we serve God “by the law of faith,” according to “the law of the Spirit,” “under the law to Christ,” fulfilling “the law of Christ,” looking into and practicing “the perfect law of liberty,” fulfilling “the royal law” (Rom. 3:27; 8:2; 1 Cor. 9:21; Gal. 6:2; Jas. 1:25; 2:8).

Endnotes

1. Marshall E. Patton, “Answers For Our Hope,” ‘Searching the Scriptures, Vol. XV, No. 9 (Sept. 1974), pp. 136-138.

2. Ibid.

3. William Wallace, “Not Under Law,” op. cit.

4. Patton, op. cit.

5. John T. McNeill, et. al., Calvin: Institutes of the Christian Religion in Two Volumes (Vol. I), being Vol. XX of The Library of Christian Classics, p. 753.

6. Ibid., p. 533.

7. Robert D. Brinsmead (editor), “Justification by Faith,” Present Truth, Vol. 2, No. 4 (Aug. 1973), p. 27.

8. Robert D. Brinsmead, “Justification by Faith and Christian Ethics,” Ibid., Vol. 3, No. 3 (July 1974), p. 29.

9. Did not Christ live a sinless life (Heb. 4:15)? Yes, but not in order to fulfill the requirements of Calvin’s system. A perfect life was necessary so he could, as a lamb without spot and without blemish. die for sins of other, not his own (Isa. 53:6).

Truth Magazine XIX: 25, pp. 394-396
May 1, 1975

“Doctrinal” Differences and Lindy McDaniel (IV)

By Cecil Willis

The last article in this series explaining just what “doctrinal” differences existed between Brother Lindy McDaniel, and myself and other members of the Cogdill Foundation Board, brought us chronologically to the time when the three sessions of discussion consisting of twelve or more hours occurred in the home of Brother Roy E. Cogdill of Conroe, Texas the week of February 3-10, 1974. In addition to myself, Brother Cogdill, and Brother Lindy McDaniel, Brethren Keith Sharp, Maurice Cornelius, and John Kilgore sat in on one or more of the three discussion periods. As best I remember, only the first of these three discussions was recorded. That recording was made by Brother McDaniel, or by someone who came with him. The first discussion was confined mainly to a discussion of the teaching of the Book of 1 John, with considerable time being spent upon 1 Joh1:6-2:2. Particularly discussed at length was what item-giant to “walk in the light, ” and whether repentance and confession were essential to the forgiveness of what Brother McDaniel chose to call “sins of ignorance” or “sins which result from the weakness of the flesh.”

My Letter of February 26, 1974

In a letter dated February 26, 1974, I asked Brother McDaniel, “if you recorded our discussion in Conroe the other day, how about providing me a copy of the tape. I don’t think our discussion was recorded the second day, was it? If you were not the one who recorded the session, have the fellow who did so to make me a tape, and to let me know the cost.” Further showing the consequences to which the doctrine which Lindy had espoused led, I related in my letter to him an incident that had occurred in Athens, Alabama the preceding week, and which has been mentioned previously in this magazine. That section of the letter was as follows:

“Ron Halbrook and Steve Wolfgang were in Athens last week. Ed Fudge’s father-in-law attends where Steve preaches in Franklin, Tennessee. Steve is coming here for a meeting March 24th. So he called me Saturday night. He said he listened in on a discussion between Ed and Ron in the bookstore in Athens. He said that Ed apparently lost control of himself, and charged that what Ron had written about him was nothing but a bunch of damn lies.’ Steve said Ed’s mother also heard the discussion o she walked in about the time that Ed made that remark. I am sorry to hear of that. But with his view on grace, I don’t guess he figures he has much to worry about. That was probably a sin resulting from the weakness of the flesh, and perhaps God will overlook it. I just can’t buy that doctrine, Lindy.” So far as is known to me, until this day Brother Fudge has neither denied making the statement, nor has he made any apology to anybody involved for language so unbecoming a Christian and a gospel preacher.

Lindy’s March 19, 1974 Letter

In a letter of reply dated March 19, 1974, Brother McDaniel wrote as follows:

“I want to emphasize again that you are absolutely dead wrong about some conclusions you have drawn about my positions. As to my practice and teaching, you need only to inquire with the brethren in Baytown, Texas where my family and I have worshiped for 9 years, in Fair Lawn, New Jersey where I have worshiped while playing for the Yankees the past 6 years, and with brethren all over this country wherever I have traveled. Also, I have talked freely to Keith Sharp, preacher in Baytown as to my positions on various issues, myself to many others. I have nothing to hide, and I have done nothing in a corner. Keith strongly opposes many things taught by Carl Ketcherside and so do I. Keith and I do not agree on everything; but he does not consider me to be radical or dangerous. When you said that what I wrote in my letter to you is virtually what Carl Ketcherside teaches, I was shocked. Be that as it may, I must teach the truth as I understand it.

“Your position that every sin separates from God’ must lead you to the conclusion that the child of God is constantly m’ and out.’ of grace, as you have admitted. , This is consistent with your position, but this is not consistent with the teachings of Jesus Christ (Rom. 5:12; Rom. 8:1-4; Col. l:l-2; etc.). There can be no real joy and peace if we must constantly be gin’ and out’ of grace. Again, your position demands that you can be in grace only when you are sinlessly perfect in practice. Can we constantly `walk in the light’ without being sinlessly perfect in practice? You deny that `walking in the light’ demands sinless perfection, but your theory demands it.”

Brother McDaniel’s position about one being able to “walk in the light,” even while he is sinning, inexorably leads him to the conclusion that sin is within the light. When one who “walks” (this refers to a general course of conduct “in the light” sins, the sin which he commits is not committed “in the light.” If that were so, then “light” includes sin, and leads one to sin. The Bible teaches that “God is light, and in him is no darkness at all” (1 Jn. 1:5). If “light” has sin within it, then this would imply the blasphemous thought that both God and Christ could have sins in Them. “Light” and “darkness” in the Bible are exact opposites. In God,there “is no darkness at all.”

The difference between Brother McDaniel and me on this point boils down to this: I teach that whenever a Christian sins, he must repent of that sin and correct it before God will forgive him; Brother McDaniel teaches that if the general course of one’s life is to “walk in the light,” then whenever that person commits either a “sin of ignorance,” or a sin that “results from the weakness of the flesh,” God will forgive that person whether or not he repents of the sin, confesses. the sin, or asks forgiveness of that sin. This is where what we have called Lindy’s “automatic” or “unconditional” forgiveness comes into the picture. Here it should be inserted that Brother McDaniel considers sins such as the usage of mechanical instruments of music in worship, the practice of sponsoring-church-ism and congregational contributions to human organizations to be among the sins “of ignorance” or “of the weakness of the flesh” which God will forgive, though those guilty of such sins never confess them, repent of them, or ask forgiveness of them.

But the Bible teaches that even sins of ignorance are chargeable to one. Paul said he sinned “ignorantly in unbelief” (1 Tim. 1:13; Acts 26:9), and Paul told the Athenians that God now “commandeth men that they should all everywhere repent” (Acts 17:30,31). Or, are our brethren going to contend that “sins of ignorance” are chargeable to aliens, but not chargeable to Christians? If they so contend, let them cite their prooftext. It seems that “Men . . . all everywhere” would include Christians. If not, why not? Even the Gentiles “without the law” sinned and stood condemned in their sins (Rom. 2:12; 3:9, 23) until they obeyed the gospel (Rom. 1:16, 17; 6:17,18). David prayed for the forgiveness of his “secret” sins (Ps. 19:12), and so must we.

Do you not ask God to forgive you of the sins you have done through ignorance? If not, you should ask Him forgiveness of such sins. Simon, the Sorcerer, “thought” he could purchase the power of God with money. About this matter he was wrong; he was ignorant. But nonetheless, Peter told him to “Repent therefore of this thy wickedness” and charged that he was “in the gall of bitterness and in the bond of iniquity.” Peter also told him that unless he did repent and pray, his silver would “perish” with him. There is no hint God would overlook this man’s sin; yet it was done in ignorance. Had Brother McDaniel, rather than the Apostle Peter, been there, Simon would have been told that “if the general course of your life is to walk in the light, then matters like this point upon which you have been ignorant, God will forgive without repentance, confession, and prayer.”

Within a matter of a very few hours after our Conroe discussions with Lindy, Brother Cogdill and I went to Livingston, Texas to meet with James W. Adams, who for several years had preached for the Pruett and Lobit church in Baytown, Texas where Brother McDaniel had been a member, and where Keith Sharp was then preaching and where Keith yet lives and preaches. Brother Adams completely understood Lindy’s position, and his error, and fully concurred that we had no alternative but to sever the relationship between Pitching For the Master and the Cogdill Foundation.

It is true that Brother Keith Sharp shortly thereafter “sharply” rebuked me for what I said in regard to Brother McDaniel, and his position. But he later wrote me and profusely -apologized for his criticism though I had not yet replied to his letter, and said that he since had been engaged in lengthy discussions with Lindy, and that I had not misrepresented the fact concerning Lindy’s change of position on grace and fellowship. Keith on July 13, 1974 wrote me retracting some of his previous criticisms. Then he added:

“Concerning whether or not Lindy has `bit the dust,’ I must admit that I now have serious reservations about Lindy’s soundness, although I am not ready to ‘write him off.” From the tapes of the meeting at Conroe …. I have found that Lindy, after I left, stated that his attitude toward ‘brethren in error’ had changed, that he believed in some ‘imputed righteousness’ (which we all do-Romans 4:22-but, in the context, I am afraid he meant a Calvinistic brand), and he stated at Conroe and in other conversations he could no longer write the articles he had earlier (written-CW) exposing the errors of Ketcherside, Fudge, et al. If I understand what Lindy means by these statements. I strongly disagree with each of these positions.” In fact, Keith since has told me more than once how nearly he came to getting sucked into the quicksand of this insidious false teaching. He said his father (Harold Sharp, a faithful gospel preacher) had been of tremendous help to him, enabling him to see the Calvinism inherent in this new flurry of Calvinistic error.

In fact, you might like to go back and look at Keith’s very good article entitled “The Sins of a Christian” in the February 6, 1975 issue of Truth Magazine. In that article he first quoted from a Baptist book entitled Church Member’s Handbook, by Joe T. Odle. On page 18 Odle said, “Sins of Christians are not charged to them as far as their having to die for them is concerned.” Immediately thereafter, Brother Sharp quotes what “Several preachers and members .of the Lord’s body around the brotherhood” have been teaching. These brethren have been teaching, according to Brother Keith Sharp, that “Sins of ignorance and human weakness of Christians are not charged to them as far as their having to die for them is concerned.” (This is a verbatim quotation from a letter dated Jan. 23, 1975 from Lindy to Keith, a copy of which I hold in my hand at this very minute.-CW) Then in the article by Brother Sharp, there follows a splendid refutation of both of these statements of “Baptist” false doctrines.

Upon receiving Brother Sharp’s article, I called him and asked him if he minded telling me who some of “These brethren” are who are teaching this false doctrine. He readily named Brother Lindy McDaniel as being among those to whom he had referred. I then said, “Keith, then why don’t you say who you are talking about? You know who you are talking about, and I know who you are talking about, but every time I charge that this is the position held by Brother McDaniel, I am charged with misrepresenting him.” I went on to express to Keith that I somewhat resented brethren who also knew of this error permitting me to be made to appear as a liar, and permitting me to take the entire brunt of opposing such a one in his false teaching. Keith responded by saying, I think you are right, and I think I should name who I am talking about, and I will send you a letter tomorrow verifying that Brother McDaniel is among those whom I had in mind when I wrote that article.” Of course, these conversations are just from memory. I did not record our telephone discussion, but if I have in any way misrepresented the matter, I ask Brother Sharp to correct any mistake I made. (Keith has now read these articles and verified that this report is correct.) Keith’s letter to me is dated January 8, 1975 and reads as follows:

“Brother Lindy McDaniel is a close personal friend of mine. I consider him and his family to be some of the finest people I have ever been privileged to know. Until their move to Kansas City, the McDaniel’s were for nine years members of the Pruett and Lobit church of Christ where I preach. The quotation in the article, `The Sins of a Christian,’ concerning what ‘Several preachers and members of the Lord’s body’ now are teaching, is my personal recollection of what brother McDaniel believed and taught in private discussions in Baytown at the time of his meetings in Conroe, Texas with brethren Cecil Willis and Roy E. Cogdill. It is also my understanding, from Lindy himself, that brother McDaniel took this

position as the result of discussions with and listening to tapes of sermons by brother Hubert Moss of Arlington, Texas.” (Letter signed, In Christ, Keith Sharp.”)

“Sins of ignorance and human weakness of Christians are not charged to them as far as their having to die for them is concerned.” This was the position which Brother McDaniel held in February, 1974, and he repeated this statement identically in his letter dated January 23, 1975. I might just add in this connection that Brother McDaniel and Brother Hubert Moss are also both close personal friends of mine. In fact, Hubert and I attended Florida College together, and his good father yet serves as an elder in the faithful Thayer Street church in Akron, Ohio, a city in which I lived and worked for eight years.

For some time, I have known that Brother Hubert Moss was the source of many of the erroneous teachings advocated -by Brother Lindy McDaniel. It has been my judgment that Lindy has permitted himself to be used as the public mouth-piece for Brother Moss’ erroneous teachings. Hubert has not put much into print on these matters. But several brethren have told me that they “had heard enough” to know what he believed, after hearing him some two or three years ago as he spoke on the Florida College lecture program, which I missed due to illness. Perhaps now Hubert and his three or four preacher-cohorts in the Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas area openly will come to the defense of what they covertly has been teaching. Now, lets see who all that statement brings letters from! I could give you their names in advance, if you wanted me to do so . . . unless they continue to do as they have done thus far, .and that is to. sit quietly on the side-lines while they let Lindy be their mouth-piece and let him.bear the brunt of trying to defend what they both believe and teach. The mere fact that the Arlington, Texas church, where Brother Hubert Moss preaches, recently had Brother Ed Fudge there to speak for a week on his new “Unity in Diversity” doctrine should tell one a good deal about where both Hubert and at least some considerable part of the Arlington congregation stand, though I know that some there are strongly opposed to what Brother Fudge taught. I might just add here that Brother Fudge’s views on “Unity” have now divided the Arlington church.

Lindy’s April 20, 1974 Letter

Along with the copy for the May, 1974 issue of Pitching For the Master (which was the last issue published by the Cogdill Foundation), Lindy sent along a one-page letter. Following are some of his remarks found in that letter:

“Enclosed is the May issue of Pitching For the Master. As mutually agreed, this will be the final issue under the Cogdill Foundation. I hold no bitterness in my heart, and I am truly sorry that the situation developed along these lines. For, conscience sake, and for freedom to express the truth as we understand it, I know of no other alternative. It is certainly true that I cannot agree with some of your means and methods of pressing the ‘grace’ and ‘fellowship’ issues, and to some degree we are not agree as to some basic principles involved; and thus, this has resulted in the necessity for our going separate ways.” (My Emphasis-CW)

Lindy then continued: “In my opinion, you have some rather simple concepts of what constitutes a ‘Ketchersideite’ or a ‘Calvinist.’ ” Having read nearly every line that Carl Ketcherside has written since 1950, I felt I had a reasonably good idea of what Ketcherside believed. In fact I felt quite confident I had at least as good knowledge of what Ketcherside taught as a baseball player who will not even take the time during the baseball season to read any of the religious journals, and who had only been reading Ketcherside’s materials for a couple of years or so. It also just happens to be my opinion that one of the principal reasons for the discord and difficulties we are having is because a host of our younger preachers (and some not so young) very evidently do not recognize Calvinism when they confront it face-to-face, particularly when it is fed to them by the spoonful by Neo-Orthodox theologians who have made slight modifications in the definitions of some Calvinistic terminology.

But Lindy’s April 20, 1974 letter continued, and following was the boldest expression of his willingness to accept the consequence of his looser view on “grace.” that he had ever expressed to me.

“I can honestly say, in spite of the serious wavering you accuse me of over the past year or so, 1 have not believed for many years that every sin separates one from God’ or that everyone identified with the instrumental or institutional brethren are going to hell.’ I was shocked to realize that these ideas are fundamental to’ your whole approach to the issues of grace’ and fellowship.’ I would be surprised if very many brethren agree with you on these matters. I personally know of several preachers, whom you now consider to be ‘sound’ in the faith, who would take strong issue with you on these points. In view of these basic differences (My Emphasis-CW), which have just recently been brought to light, it appears inevitable that problems between us would develop.”

This statement merely shows how naive Lindy has been all along as to what the basic issues have been in this discussion on “grace” and “fellowship.” I must have stated it twenty times already, but once more perhaps will do no harm: This entire discussion over “grace” and “fellowship” is but a futile effort on the part of some among us to solidify some rationale which will permit them to fellowship the liberal brethren in the Institutional Churches of Christ, and some in the conservative Christian Church! The mere fact that this precisely is the point to which it has brought Brother Lindy McDaniel is but another proof that this affirmation is the truth.

After receiving Lindy’s April 20th letter, I talked with him at length about these matters on the telephone. I tried to make him see the utter absurdity of him driving so far out of his way in order to worship at Fair Lawn, New Jersey or at some other faithful congregation, if these were not matters over which brethren would be lost. I pressed him to explain to me how he could justify the effort he (and several other brethren, including his parents) had made several years before to start a faithful congregation in Altus, Oklahoma, which is near Lindy’s hometown. I told him that if he had been a party to

“dividing a church” (as the liberal brethren would ex press it) over issues concerning which one would not be lost, no doubt he had sinned in so doing. How could he now justify his part in that Altus action? Quite a few seconds of utter silence then passed! Finally, Lindy said, “I can only say that I have done many things in the past that I would not do again.” We were only discussing one point at that instant. How could he justify starting another church in Altus over any issue concerning which he said one would not be lost? His answer permits but one inference: He would not now be a party to starting a sound church in a city like Altus, Oklahoma over the issues that separate us from liberal brethren.

Do you not see, brethren, where these looser views on “grace” and “fellowship” inevitably lead? Is there anyone who now can believe that Brother Lindy McDaniel has not changed his position on these issues???? If you can see his change, then all that I have charged in regard to his change of positions has been sustained. Lindy McDaniel himself is my prime witness to his change! But if he should yet be inclined to deny the change, shortly I will quote his admission of it to you from his own letter. Yet he demanded that I apologize publicly for charging that he had loosened his views on “grace” and “fellowship.” You can see now, I am sure, why I did not make that apology. I knew that I had not misrepresented his position, and scores of other brethren also knew that I had not misrepresented his position.

Now suppose I had retracted my charges and apologized. Now that Lindy himself freely admits his change, he justly now could demand that I publicly apologize for my apology, for he now freely admits that his views on “grace” and “fellowship” have wrought a drastic change in his attitude toward the institutional brethren, and even toward some people who use instrumental music in their worship (such as the “Conservative” Christian Church). Incidentally, I have never seen a “Conservative” Christian Church. I know that “Conservative” is commonly accepted terminology, and I have used it myself, but I really never have seen or been in the services of a truly “Conservative” Christian Church. “Conservative” and “Christian Church” are contradictory terms. Why, oh why, cannot brethren see where these false teachers are leading them? Some deny where they are being led until they get there, and then by the time they arrive “there, ” they then deny that they are “there.”

However, to be completely accurate, I should state, that Lindy still believes that if one continues to use mechanical instrumental music in worship, or continues to engage in institutional practices after that he learns such is sinful, then that person is deliberately, highhandedly, defiantly; and rebelliously disobeying God, and such a person will be lost eternally. Wonder who he could find that admits he knows that instrumental music or institutionalism is wrong, but that he, in open defiance to the will of God, is going to continue the practice anyway? Reckon Guy N. Woods, B. C. Goodpasture, Donald Hunt or Burton Barber would make such an admission? If not, then according to Brother McDaniel, God will remit their sins in regard to such practices, regardless of whether they ever repent of these sins, confess these sins, or ask God’s forgiveness of these sins. And to be consistent, Brother McDaniel should fellowship all of these. Perhaps he now will!

Lindy’s Later Letters

I think my letter of February 26, 1974 was the next to the last one which I have written to Brother McDaniel. The content of my last letter soon will be recited. This is not to say that I refuse to correspond with him any further, but the twelve or more hour conversation with him at Conroe, plus the statements he has made in succeeding letters, left no doubt in my mind as to what he believed and as to where he stood. Furthermore, this conversation and his following letters, confirmed the fact, beyond doubt, that I could not work closely with him any longer. We were diametrically opposed on some important issues, and his efforts could only lead to “union in compromise,” and of that, I wanted no part. However, Lindy has continued to write me a few letters, and they only further verify the charge that he has relapsed into the Edward Fudge type of loose concepts on “grace,” and “fellowship,” and this only could result in a softening of his stance against digressives. Of course, brethren Ketcherside, Garrett, Fudge, and McDaniel all deny any major change in their basic convictions. They merely affirm that their own attitudes toward those who hold opposing views on instrumental music and institutionalism have changed. They seem not to fear the grave consequences they once saw in such digressions and innovations.

In a letter dated June 12, 1974, Lindy stated there are “specific questions on which we differ, such as Does every sin separate from God?’ and `To what extent can we fellowship institutional brethren?’ ” But of these differences Lindy said, “I do not consider them matters that should necessarily cause a break in our association.” But I have as little use for a sympathizer with a teacher of error as I have for the man who actually teaches it. As a man nearly 40 years old, of course Lindy can go on playing “footsie” with the liberals if he wishes to do so, but I have no time to squander in gestures of compromise with digressionists.

In his letter dated June 24, 1974, Lindy was protesting my editorial ” ‘In’ and `Out’ of Grace” which appeared in Truth Magazine May 23, 1974. In this letter he said, “You will find enclosed my answer to your editorial in Truth Magazine. Your editorial is one of the most blatant examples of irresponsible writing I have ever seen from the pen of a brother in Christ. If you are my ‘friend,’ then I need no enemies. As someone recently said in an article, these fellows who are going soft on the “grace” and “fellowship” issues can be mighty sweet, until you step on their rattlers.

He then charged, “The meeting in Conroe, Texas was arranged by you, and it was obviously not for the purpose of objectively discussing our differences. Your mind was already made up . . . .” Lindy would have you to believe that he was the only really open-minded person in those discussions; at least he does not here attribute to me the honesty and integrity with which he shortly before had credited me. I must confess that Lindy’s six page single-spaced letter which I received on January 2, 1974 convinced me rather completely that he and I were headed down different roads. But his memory does not seem to be very good, for on January 23, 1974 he had written: “I am not very optimistic about resolving the differences between us . . . .” Well, neither was I.

Then follows this astounding statement: “Contrary to what you said in your editorial, we had no exchange oil correspondence on these particular issues prior to the meetings in Conroe.” Can the man not read the lengthy exchange of letters that have passed between us for more than two years, and from which I have quoted profusely in this series? So he charges, “Thus, it is not true that I had written to you several times trying to explicate my views.” In answer to this unbelieveable charge, I only ask that you please look back through these four articles and see if he and I had exchanged views in our letters in regard to these matters, and see if he has or has not tried again and again “to explicate” his views.

He then charges that I “misrepresented” his views “several times” in my article. Thus I have gone to great length to set before you his views, as expressed in paragraph after paragraph in his own verbiage, in order to permit you to decide as to whether I misrepresented him or not. He closes this letter with this adamant demand: “I fully expect an apology, public in nature, for your adding the word ‘doctrinal’ to my statement, and I expect a retraction of your misrepresentations of my position.” But in his April 20, 1974 letter, he himself had said: “In view of these basic differences,. . . it appears inevitable that problems between us would develop.” We did, and still do, have basic doctrinal differences, and these “doctrinal” differences are precisely why the Cogdill Foundation no longer was willing to publish Pitching For the Master. How can I apologize for saying what he now admits to be the truth? We do have “basic differences;” and they are “doctrinal” in nature. I am sorry they exist, but I am not going to lie about the matter, and try to make out like they do not exist by some kind of mock apology.

My Last Letter-July 15, 1974

“Your letter of June 24th, along with your article . “Answering Cecil’s Charges,” has been received. Enclosed is an article explaining why, I injected, the word doctrinal into your article. This article will appear in the Aug. 8th issue of Truth Magazine. Meanwhile, I am having your article set in type, and will use it, if you still want me to do so. However, I do not intend to, permit your charge that I misrepresented your position, and that we have never discussed these. mattersfefore, to go unanswered: Apparently it will be necessary for me to go back over the past two years of your ‘wanderings’ from side to side to verify what I said. I regret the necessity of doing this, but the continual cries that I hear of your charging that I am misrepresenting you make it necessary that I expose the whole situation, and I will do so in chronological order.

“I feel just like James Adams wrote to me July 9th: ‘I’m sorry about this Lindy McDaniel affair. The point he seems unwilling to see is that he made the thing a matter of fellowship’ in his first letter to you …. You probably should have put a note to Lindy’s article, instead of inserting doctrinal’ in the body of the article. I would explain your reason thoroughly, and apologize on the ground that he was offended by it, but explain that the difference is doctrinal. Make Lindy face the fact that so-called `automatic’ forgiveness to one en grace’ as they put it is the same as unconditional forgiveness’ and no different from Calvinistic theology on this point. They will not face the consequences-Cornelius did.’ (Brother Adams refers to Maurice Cornelius’ admission that an impenitent drunk or fornicator would be saved.-CW)

“It appears now that there is no alternative but to document the wavering back and forth that you have done. I hate to do this, but I do not intend for brethren all over the country to be led to believe that I hec about you. You will be at perfect liberty to defend what you have said and written, or to reply to what I say in regard to the matter. But I do not propose to permit an article like you wrote to go unanswered.

“Thursday I leave for Memphis, where I will spend three days. Next Wednesday morning I must leave for a one month preaching trip. Hence, it is probable that 1 must have all the August issues printed or pasted-up for printing before I leave. Your article will be set in type, and will be used as soon as possible, after I hear from you, and after you have indicated once more that you want. it printed. I think before having the article printed that I would look back over what you have written in your letters about this matter, and what I have written to you. When I get done with the documentation that I propose to provide, I will have shown that you have been on both sides of this issue twice! In that regard, you have even outdone Reuel Lemmons, and that takes some doing!

“I suppose that what has been said by now leaves you no alternative but to say go ahead and print the article, and I am sure that your doing so leaves me no alternative but to produce the documentation as to why I said what I did. Furthermore, whether you have.the article printed or not, if you intend to go over the country charging that I misrepresented you, I intend still to publish the documentation showing your vacillation. So have it however you will, Lindy.

“You stated that with friends like me, you needed no enemies. I might add that with friends to the truth like you, it needs. no enemies. 1 thought,you had gotten yourself straightened out on these issues, but if you did, evidently, you did not stay straight very long. You might just as well jump `whole-hog’ into the Fudge bag,; and see where his premises lead you. Evidently you cannot now see the logical consequences of the positions that you have taken: You now are for feiting,every price you paid to stand for the truth on the institutional issues, and now are going to take ‘back-water,’ evidently to the point of saying that you would.not have anything to do with starting the new congregation in Altus, if you had it to do over again. Some of the brethren who have implicit confidence in you now are going to have their eyes opened to your compromise if what I must write has to be written.

“I do not take you to be a person to be intimidated, and I do not intend to attempt to do such in this letter. But neither am I, Lindy. I mean just what I say. 1 have as little use for this grace fellowship’ error taught by you, as 1 have for it when it is taught by Carl Ketcherside or Edward Fudge. I do not mean by ‘.that statement that you take the identical position of either, but they all three come out at the same place, and I think I amply can show that.

“The article that I intend to write has not yet been written, but 1 will have yours set in type, and will write the one I intend to accompany yours as soon as I hear from you. Since I do not think you are going to hush about the matter, it is probable that my documentary article will be necessary, whether you instruct me to publish your article previously sent or not. But I do not intend to be made out a liar all over the country, when I am sitting on mountains of proof to verify what I said.

“Your plates and cabinets have been sent to William Wallace, as you instructed. I harbor no ill feelings toward you personally. You are still my friend, so far as I am concerned. But I cannot overlook or countenance error in a friend, whether that friend be William Wallace, or Edward Fudge, or Lindy McDaniel. You now have espoused basically the position we have been opposing, and now evidently it is going to be necessary that we publicly oppose your teaching, and you evidently now will be called upon publicly to defend it. That may work out for good, in the long run. I hope to God that it will.”

(Signed) “Brotherly, Cecil Willis”

Lindy’s July 22, 1974 Letter

Finally, in a letter dated July 22, 1974, Brother McDaniel admitted that he had once again changed his position on “grace” and “fellowship.” Here is what he said: “I do not deny that I have altered my position on the `grace’ and `fellowship’ issue. Make of that whatever yon will.” That sounds like he is throwing down the gauntlet, doesn’t it? Wouldn’t I be in a silly position now, if I had apologized for saying that he had changed his position on “grace” and “fellowship”? Lindy now is right back where he was in 1972 . . . sleeping in the same bed with Ed Fudge, and if Fudge moves over just a little bit, Carl Ketcherside and Leroy Garrett both are going to slip under the same blanket with them.

Lindy then adds that “I am not out to make a liar out of you.” But he would have, if I had acquiesced and apologized for saying he had changed his position on “grace” and “fellowship.” It is no credit of his that he did not make a liar out of me. He tried his very best to get me to retract a charge, which he now admits, and boldly asserts thereafter, “Make of that whatever you will.”

But by August 5, 1974, he is trying to “make a liar” out of me. In that letter, he charged: I am not very optimistic about straightening out the differences between us because I feel that you have greatly misrepresented my views and have not told the truth about a number of incidental matters.” If Lindy can tell me the difference between his charge that I `misrepresented” his views and “have not told the truth about a number of incidental matters,” and his having “no intention of making a liar out of you, ” then perhaps I will be prepared to understand how a Christian can get drunk, and commit fornication, while his “heart is right with God,” as Brother Maurice Cornelius tried in Conroe to help me to understand. If there is some difference between “misrepresenting” one’s views and “not telling the truth about a number of incidental matters” and lying, then I must confess that I do need some help, and perhaps some of these Neo-Orthodox theologians (with their Theology of Irrationalism) may be just what i need. But I had always thought that misrepresentation and not telling the truth were lying! But I am learning.

In his same August 5th letter, Lindy once more admits, “Let me again state that I have wavered on these issues of grace’ – but I do not believe that the wavering is either of the nature or the degree that you imply.” Lindy thus far has had at least four positions on the “grace” question: (1) He was right; (2) Then he accepted that view which he later called a ‘perversion” of the Biblical doctrine of grace; (3) He stood for the truth for a while in late 1972 and early 1973; (4) And now he is right back where he was in late 1972-holding that doctrine which he himself labelled a `perversion” of the Biblical doctrine of grace. Lindy has been on both sides of the issue twice!! He is back on the wrong side again, but having made at least three changes in his position, perhaps there is yet hope he can be “switched” back to the truth. Then he can get busy once again and try again to unteach the same young men he was trying to unteach in late 1972 and early 1973.

His Last Letter to Me

The last word I received from Brother McDaniel was in a letter dated September 23, 1974. In it he said, `My opinion is that you would have made a great issue out of this regardless of what kind of statement I made. Thus, it would not have made any difference. But I am amazed at your childishness and piekyness in the matter. Why is it so difficult to make a simple apology in the matter? The whole thing is a dead issue compared to your May 23rd article. The word `doctrinal’ didn’t disturb me as much as the implications behind it. Your adding the word `doctrinal” sounded the warning that you were going to turn this into a major issue which you have done. Sincerely, Lindy (Signed).”

Conclusion

There is where the matter stands at this moment, brethren. If Lindy believes what you believe about God’s “grace” and about “fellowship,” and if his attitude toward instrumentalists and institutionalists is your position and attitude, then I am afraid I am going, to become a rather lonely man. For his position and mine certainly are not the same. Nor do I believe his statements are representative of what most of you who read Truth Magazine believe on these matters.

I have done my best to give you a fair insight into what I have said in my correspondence with Brother McDaniel, and into his with me. If I have misrepresented his views in any way, it has been inadvertent (and that he would call a sin of ignorance), so according to his present position (not his ‘former views’), I have nothing to worry about anyway. Brother McDaniel ought to serve as a good illustration of what modification of one’s views on “grace” and “fellowship” lead to. He cannot consistently be a party to starting any more sound churches, nor should he hesitate to call on a liberal preacher, or a preacher from the Christian Church (assuming these preachers to be either “ignorant” or “weak in the flesh”) to lead in a prayer in a service where he may be a member or preach.

A church in Anderson, Indiana has taught these views for some time now, and a few months ago about 50 of their members began to put into practice what they had been taught. When a Christian Church preacher attended a gospel meeting they were having, he was called on to lead in prayer. Some of the members raised quite a fuss about it. Just why they objected, I could not understand in view of what they had been taught. They simply were practicing what they had been taught. The end result was that about 50 members “transferred” their membership to the Christian Church, and the remainder continue to drift ever further into digression. Please, brethren, let us call a “Halt” to this digressive teaching, before we reach the stage when no “Halt” can be called. I fear that Brother Lindy McDaniel will come to rue the day that he lent his influence to these compromising views on “grace” and “fellowship.”

The judgment of who misrepresented whom in this matter is now in your hands. Whatever be your decision in regard to the matter, I have no fear about being judged in this matter by Him who shall judge the living and the dead.

Truth Magazine XIX: 25, pp. 387-394
May 1, 1975

Sin and Grace

By John McCort

Much has been said in recent months relative to the grace-fellowship question. Some of the issues have been crystallized and brought into sharper focus. One of the main issues to be resolved is whether God overlooks sins of ignorance or weakness of the flesh. More simply stated, will God unconditionally extend His grace to those who teach and practice false doctrine? Nearly all of the issues arising out of the grace-fellowship controversy can be traced back to this one question.

Nearly 100 years ago brethren were discussing the same fundamental issues we are faced with today. In 1890 F. D. Srygley had this to say about the “sins of ignorance and weakness of the flesh” position.

“This talk about the spirit and letter of commandments usually comes from men who want to feel goodish, but do as they please, in religion . . . To put the whole thing in its simplest form, the theory is that any man who is right in spirit or motive will be accepted of God no matter what the outward form of his conduct may be. It puts man’s salvation wholly upon the ground of his own honesty, and taboos the idea that anyone will be damned who has the spirit of obedience, no matter how many may be his mistakes as to the letter of God’s commandments. Much has been said against rationalists (modernists-IWMc) but in my judgment they have done no more than follow this spirit-and-letter buncombe to its legitimate, logical consequences. The point is, does God require man to conform his life to an external standard, or does he leave him to determine his own course by an internal light? Is man guided in religion by revelation from without, or by a spiritual fight and nature within himself? . . . This is the only issue, and there are but two sides of the question. Those who talk flippantly about keeping the spirit of a command while sneering at the letter of the law, or the exact thing commanded, are but the logical premises of which rationalists are the necessary conclusion, whether they so understand and intend or not . . .” (F. D. Srygley, “From the Papers,” Gospel Advocate, Vol. XXXII, No. 33 (August 13, 1890), p. 513.

The frightening aspect of this present controversy over grace and fellowship is the ultimate consequences of accepting the basic premises of the Fudge-Ketcherside position. In this present generation we are discussing whether we can fellowship institutional brethren. The next generation will be discussing whether they can fellowship the modernist. Fellowshipping institutional brethren or modernists involves the same basic issues: Does God require conditional obedience of man to obtain the remission of sins and does God require man to understand His will? The New Testament nowhere ever portrays God granting unconditional forgiveness of sins. In order to obtain the remission of our sins God has required that we obey the gospel through faith, repentance, and baptism (Mark 16:16; Acts 2:38). After an individual becomes a Christian, God still requires continued obedience to His will. A Christian must repent of and confess sins that are committed in order to obtain the remission of those sins (Acts 8:16-25). A Christian must continue to walk in the light (which includes repentance and confession) for his sins to be taken away by the blood of Christ (1 John 1:39). God has always conditioned the remission of sins (whether it be an unbaptized alien sinner or a Christian who has sinned) upon obedience to His commands.

Some have arbitrarily decided that God has a divine double standard; that He demands conditional obedience of the alien sinner but that He grants unconditional forgiveness to those who support human institutions, employ instruments of music, or any other such doctrinal sin. Such constitutes a double standard; one for the alien sinner and another for the Christian. Where does the Bible say that God will unconditionally extend mercy to Christians who sin, without repentance and prayer?

Edward Fudge and others argue that God does not require perfect doctrinal understanding or obedience of the Christian and that the grace of God will cover the imperfect and sinful practices of institutional and instrumental music brethren. A little further out in the theological spectrum, Carl Ketcherside and others argue that God does not require perfect doctrinal understanding or obedience of the Baptist or Methodist and that the grace of God will cover the imperfect understanding that Baptists and Methodists have about the purpose or perhaps even the action of baptism. On the outer perimeters, modernists like Karl Barth have argued that God does not require perfect doctrinal understanding or obedience and that since man is saved by grace, and not by perfect understanding or obedience, man is not required to literally believe in the miracles of Christ or the fact that Jesus was the Son of God. Edward Fudge operates from the same principle that the modernists operate from; the-unconditional-remission-of-sin principle.

When man begins to assume God will unconditionally overlook any sin, he begins an unending march toward Universalism. Calvin solved the problem by simply stating that God unconditionally chooses those whom He saves and unconditionally chooses those whom He damns. Calvin stated that our salvation is not conditioned upon our obedience but upon the election of God. Calvin also solved the problem of sincere ignorance of God’s will. He stated that men are born totally depraved and incapable of knowing and responding to divine truth. He reasoned that God sends the Holy Spirit into the hearts of the elect and opens up their hearts to receive divine truth: The Universalist reasons that since God is no respecter of persons, then all mankind will be saved, since our salvation is not conditioned upon our obedience to His will. When people begin to assume that God will unconditionally forgive any sin, they ultimately must accept Calvinism or Universalism. Which will it be, brethren?

Truth Magazine XIX: 25, p. 386
May 1, 1975

After the Way which They call Legalism, so Worship I God (III)

By Ron Halbrook

What Is Legalism?

We need to do some searching and studying about legalism. The charge of legalism is being bandied about, and the term is used very loosely in many cases. Faithfulness to the gospel in its simplicity and purity is being caricatured as legalism. Just what is legalism? Is the scheme of redemption a system of legalism? Not everything men call legalism really is such. In fact, after the way which some call “legalism,” so worship I God.

There is a crying need for attention to word definitions. We shall discuss the scheme of redemption in connection with three terms properly defined: rational, emotional, and legal. Christianity is rational, emotional, and legal, but Christianity is not rationalism, emotionalism, nor legalism. As the Christian serves the Lord, he will be rational, emotional, and legal. Yet a Christian is not a Rationalist, Emotionalist, nor a Legalist.

Rational, But Not Rationalism

Rational means “having reason or understanding.”(1) On the day of Pentecost after Christ arose, the apostles preached “as the Spirit gave them utterance.” Though people of many nations were gathered there in Jerusalem, “every man heard them speak in his own language.” All who preached were Galileans, so that people asked, “How hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?” They were able to say, “We do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God.” Peter called out to them “Hearken to my words,” and, again, preaching Christ, “Near these words.” After preaching for a time, Peter testified and exhorted “with many other words.” “Then they that gladly received his word were baptized” (Acts 2:1-41). “Come now, and let us reason together, saith the Lord” (Isa. 1:18). The revelation of God is meant to be understood (“when ye read, ye may understand,” Eph. 3:4); therefore the man of God delights “in the law of the Lord… in his law doth he meditate day and night” (Ps. 1:2). If the word of God were not adapted to human “reason or understanding,” it would be not a revelation or uncovering but only a riddle wrapped in an enigma.

But rationalism is “reliance on reason as the basis for establishment of religious truth,” “a theory that reason is in itself a source of knowledge superior to and independent of sense perceptions.” As another source points out, in rationalism, “. . . man’s natural abilities are to be used exclusively in the formulation of religious beliefs. There is no reliance on authority or revelation-nothing but man’s own reason.”(2) A rationalist is one professing rationalism. Rationalism never has been the basis of serving God. Neither reason nor feeling nor intuition suggested to Abraham that he ought to offer Isaac as a sacrifice-in fact, all reason, feeling, and intuition said to the contrary. Through hearing God speak in words, Abraham understood the authoritative command of God. Abraham believed God even when he could not understand why God commanded the action. Abraham’s faith was not mere intellectual assent. His faith was obedient. “By faith Abraham, when he was tried, offered up Isaac” (Heb. 11:17).

Emotions, But Not Emotionalism

Emotion is “the affective aspect of consciousness: feeling.” After the miraculous deliverance from Egypt, “Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the Lord… And Miriam the prophetess. . . took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances” (Ex. 15:1-21). After deliverance from Jabin and Sisera, “Then sang Deborah and Barak. . . on that day, saying, Praise ye the Lord … . ” (Judges 5:1ff). David said, “O how love I thy law! it is my meditation all the day” (Ps. 119:97). And again, “I was glad when they said unto me. Let us go into the house of the Lord” (Ps. 122:1). When the, gospel was preached on the Pentecost after Christ arose, the listeners “were pricked in their heart” (Acts 2:37). When the Ethiopian treasurer was baptized, “he went on his way rejoicing” (Acts 8:39). “Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms” (Jas. 5:13). There are many things in God’s word and in our service to God that stir the emotions: the goodness of God, the severity of God, the death of Christ, the effect of our sins, the joy of forgiveness, the joy of worship, the sadness of seeing loved ones stumble, etc.

But emotionalism is “undue indulgence in or display of emotion.” The pagans who accepted Elijah’s challenge could not get response from their “god,” “And they leaped upon the altar which was made . . . . And they cried aloud, and cut themselves after their manner with knives and lancets, till the blood gushed out upon them” (1 Kings 18:26-28). When the city of Ephesus was stirred up against Paul’s preaching, “Some… cried one thing, and some another: for the assembly was confused; and the more part knew not wherefore they were come together …. all with one voice about the space of two hours cried out, Great is Diana of the Ephesians” (Acts 19:28-34). The gospel teaches men how to control their emotions and channel them for good, rather than to abandon themselves to the control of emotionalism (Col. 3:8, 12-14). An emotionalist is “one given to emotionalism;” a Christian is not an emotionalist.

Legal, Lawful, Right

Legal is “of or relating to law,” “deriving authority from or founded on law,” “conforming to or permitted by law or established rules.” A synonym is “lawful,” which means “conformable to law,” “constituted, authorized, or established by law: rightful, ” `law-abiding. ” As another authority points out, “Scripture is full of judicial terms such as righteousness, transgression, judge, judgment, covenant, condemnation. They define the relationship between God and man as essentially one of Ruler and ruled, King and subject. Hence the importance of the concept of law.”(3) Law (torah, Hebrew; nomos, Greek) is “a synonym for the whole of the revealed will of God-the word, commandments, ways, judgments, precepts, etc., of the Lord, as in Gen. 26:5, and especially throughout Ps. 119. . . . in the NT the thought-content of the OT torah, with its emphasis on law as a personal word from God the Law-giver, is nearly always present.”(4)

To say the scheme of redemption has the quality of “legality”-“the quality or state of being legal: lawfulness”-or to say it is “legal” is to say this scheme proceeds from the fountain of all authority, God Himself. The scheme of redemption conforms to the very being of God, is derived from God alone, is revealed as an expression of the very being of God with all His glory, love, and authority. “According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world… the mystery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God, who created all things by Jesus Christ” (Eph. 1:4; 3:9). That which proceeds from God is rightful, thus lawful or legal. Paul spoke of “the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations” (Col. 1:26). Hidden where? In God.

When the mystery was revealed, “God. . . (made) known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery’ =”the unsearchable riches of Christ” (Col. 1:27; Eph. 3:8). The mind of God, or what Paul calls “the things of God,” were revealed-“we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery …. as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him. But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God” (1 Cor. 2:7-9). This revelation, proceeding from God. proceeded from “the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God!” This revelation was of God, through God, and to God- to the praise of His glory. Could anything be more legal, more right, more lawful???

“No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him” (John 1:18). As the Amplified Bible says, “He has revealed Him, brought Him out where He can be seen; He has interpreted Him, and He has made Him known.” Christ said to see him was to see the Father. “For I proceeded forth and came from God… no man cometh unto the Father, but by me. If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also …. he that hath seen me hath seen the Father” (John 8:42; 14:6-9). Furthermore, the works and the word of the Son came from the Father, revealing the Father. “Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works” (John 14:10). Jesus said, “The words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life” (John 6:63). Indeed the words of Christ are spiritual, life-giving, revealing the Father; “for I have not spoken of myself; but the Father which sent me, he gave me a commandment, what I should say, and what I should speak. And I know that his commandment is life everlasting: whatsoever I speak therefore, even as the Father said unto me, so I speak” (John 12:49-50). For this reason Christ could say, “The word that I have spoken the same shall judge him (the one who rejects Christ’s word) in the last day” (Jn. 12:48). The word and work of Christ, all that he taught and did, was of God-thus conforming to the will of God, indeed to the very being of God-thus legal, lawful, and right.

But this is not the end of the matter. He promised the apostles, “Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak” (John 16:13). The promise of Christ was very definite, and very broad. The Spirit of truth-who knows the mind or “things of God” (1 Cor. 2:10) would guide the apostles “into all the truth, “(5) or “into the truth in. all its parts.”(6)

“The ‘many things’ which would thus be said must be presumed to have been said on highest authority; and hence the unapproachable dignity of the apostles themselves; hence the secret of all their binding and losing power; hence the revelations they have been able to supply with reference to Christ and salvation, glory, duty, and eternal life, and all the laws of the kingdom. From this vast promise we see the sufficiency of the apostolic teaching, and by implication the portion of it which is committed to writing. Our Lord had delivered to his disciples nothing but the truth;’ but from the nature of the case they must wait for the truth in its completeness, the whole truth of salvation and deliverance.”(7)

This calls to mind what the inspired writer said about that “great salvation; which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord, and was confirmed unto us by them that heard him; God also bearing them witness, both with signs and wonders . . . . ” (Heb. 2:3-4). He who spoke from the first and what He spoke, along with all the fullness of the revelation of God, is made known in the holy writings. Peter wrote “that ye may be able after my decease to have these things always in remembrance” (1 Pet. 1:15; cf. 3:1-2). “All scripture is given by inspiration of God” giving everything that is “profitable” for every “man of God” regarding every good work (2 Tim. 3:16-17). The scriptures or “holy writings” of the New Covenant are of God-thus conforming to the will of God, indeed conforming to the very being of God-thus those holy writings are legal, lawful, and right.

The New Testament not only “contains” (a word used by elusive liberals for the purpose of ambiguity) but also is the message of God’s grace. “And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified” (Acts 20:32). How does the word of grace save us–bring us into the unmerited favor of God? “Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth” (1 Pet, 2:22). It is like asking how does Christ save us: “he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him” (Heb. 5:9). On the first Pentecost after Christ arose, “they that gladly received his word were baptized” and the Lord added them to that number who stand in His unmerited favor. Primary obedience did not deserve God’s favor or earn it, but was the action of undeserving sinners throwing themselves upon the mercy of the court by meeting the conditions of forgiveness. That was not the end of the matter. “And they continued steadfastly in the apostles’ doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers” (Acts 2:42). Those who were brought into the unmerited favor of God continued to stand in grace as they continued to abide in the word of His grace. As sin entered their lives from time to time, the blood of Christ was still a fountain free according as they sought forgiveness in an humble, penitent attitude (Acts 8:21-24; 1 Jn. 1). This continuance in the message of grace did not earn, deserve, or merit anything-it rather evidenced an emptying of self and a reliance upon the mercy and grace of God. Just as surely as the scheme of redemption is rational and emotional, it is legal and lawful.

But Not A System of Legalism!

The scheme of redemption is not a system of rationalism or emotionalism. Is it a system of legalism? To answer this, we must not only consult the dictionary but also the Bible as we did with the other terms. The picture will then be complete-and the answer will be an unequivocal “No!”

The dictionary says legalism is “strict, literal, or excessive conformity to the law or to a religious or moral code.” We have argued that the New Testament is a literal and complete revelation of God-conforming to His will, mercy, grace, authority,. . . in fact to His very, being. We have also argued that Christ will save “them that obey him.” We have shown that those who obey him are those who obey “the truth.” That sounds pretty strict and literal. Have we painted ourselves into a corner? Let us see.

In discussing terms like love, freedom, and legalism, there must be some absolute standard that gives meaning and content to each term. For instance; when speaking to a group composed mostly of liberals, in trying to communicate with them in a concise way, and in trying to communicate in terms they would understand, Ed Harrell spoke of his own faith and that of conservatives in general by using terms like: “I am a Biblical literalist . . . . Biblical legalism …. legalism…. restoration legalism . . . . authoritarian legalism . . . . Biblical literalism.”(8) Was he saying something harsh and unbecoming about himself? Was he claiming he deserved to be saved? No. he was speaking of the scheme of redemption described earlier in this article. He was speaking as Paul who said, “After the way which they call heresy, so worship I the God of my fathers,” and as we are saying in this article, “After the way which they call legalism, so worship I the God of my fathers.” Brother Harrell was fully aware that Paul attacked the legalism of the first century. The audience understood exactly what was being said. All of which illustrates the fact that the Christian must go to the word of God for the concepts which give absolute meaning (the meaning God would attach) to terms like legalism and heresy. In modern times, if one does not believe all sincere men will be saved, he is a heretic. That makes many of us heretics (in the sight of men). If one believes the New Testament must be obeyed in all particulars, the modern mind immediately thinks of legalism. That makes many of us legalists, according to modernistic terminology.

What sort of effort to conform to law is “excessive” and abusive to grace, and thus is a failure in the light of God’s revelation? What sort of view toward God’s law is legalism-not in terms of what men make the word mean, but in terms of what God’s word says? Is salvation conditional? If so,where are the conditions found? Must they be obeyed? If they are obeyed, is grace nullified? Does obedience to conditions evidence an effort to earn, deserve, and merit salvation? What saith the scriptures?

We have already shown that salvation is conditional, that the New Testament is the standard or norm by which we know the conditions, and that the conditions must be strictly obeyed. Does recognition of the New Testament as the exclusive standard plus recognition that the standard must be obeyed in all things, equal an effort to earn, deserve, or merit salvation? Does such exclude grace? To the contrary, such recognition, coupled with obedient faith, is ipso facto an admission that one has sinned–is a sinner! Such recognition and faith show a sinner has finally humbled himself to say, “O Lord, I know that the way of man is not in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps” (Jer. 10:23). It shows he is no longer “wise in (his own eyes,” no longer willing to “lean. . . unto (his) own understanding” (Prov. 3:5-7). He is ready to ask, “What shall we do?” and, “Lord, what wilt thou have me to do?” and, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?” (Acts 2:37; 9:6; 16:30). Such a man is ready to renounce his own “think-so’s” about salvation and to say, “See, here is water; what doth hinder me to be baptized?” (Acts 8:36). To throw oneself, as a sinner, on the mercy of the court by meeting the conditions of mercy set by the court is an admission that one cannot earn, deserve, or merit salvation! Such action shows the sinner is thirsty for the blessing announced in these words, “For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more” (Heb. 8:12).

One who meets the conditions earns nothing. The very fact that he must humble himself to meet the conditions is an admission that he is an undeserving sinner. Could he deceive himself into thinking that if he met the conditions he had earned something? Yes, just as one could deceive himself into thinking the waters of baptism have a magical power to save! Just as the teacher must exercise caution and make the subject of baptism understood, he must so do regarding conditional salvation. This must be taught, “So likewise ye, when ye shall have done all those things which are commanded you, say, we have done that which was our duty to do” (Lk. 17:10). This is not mere psychological therapy; for when we meet the conditions of God we still have not made ourselves worthy of the great price paid for our sins! Furthermore, one who meets the primary requirements for entrance into God’s family recognizes that “if we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us” (1 Jno. 1:8); as sin enters his life from time to time, he humbly seeks “the blood of Jesus Christ his Son (which) cleanseth us from all sin.” (To Be Concluded Next Week).

Endnotes

1. This definition and the others given of emotional, legal, and related terms are taken from Webster’s Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary. (1963), unless otherwise noted.

2. Everett F. Harrison (ed.), Bakgr’s Dictionary of Theology, p. 434.

3. Ibid., p. 317.

4. Ibid., pp. 317-318.

5. M. R. Vincent, Word Studies, p. 492.

6. H. R. Reynolds, The Gospel of St. John, Vol. II, Vol. 17 of The Pulpit Commentary (H. D. M. Spence, et. al., eds.), p. 303.

7. Ibid., pp. 303-304.

8. David Edwin Harrell, Jr., et. al., Disciples and The Church Universal, pp. 34-39.

Truth Magazine XIX: 24, pp. 378-382
April 24, 1975